Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that surround and support your teeth. It is caused by plaque and tartar building up along and below the gumline, and it is one of the main reasons adults lose teeth.
Signs of gum disease
- Gums that bleed when you brush or floss.
- Red, swollen or tender gums.
- Gums pulling away from the teeth.
- Persistent bad breath or a bad taste.
- Loose teeth or a change in your bite.
Gingivitis and periodontitis
Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums. It is common and usually reversible. If it isn’t treated, it can progress to periodontitis, in which pockets form between the gums and teeth, and the bone that supports the teeth is gradually lost.
How we treat it
- A careful assessment. We measure the spaces between your gums and teeth and take X-rays to see the bone.
- Deep cleaning (scaling and root planing). We remove plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooth the root surfaces so the gums can heal.
- Laser therapy when helpful. A dental laser can remove infected tissue and reduce bacteria, with less bleeding and faster healing.
- Maintenance. Regular follow-up cleanings, often every three to four months, keep the disease under control.
Gum health is also linked to conditions such as diabetes, so treating your gums is part of caring for your overall health.