Diabetes and your smile: what the connection means for your teeth and gums

Diabetes affects tens of millions of Americans, and many people who have it don’t know it yet. Most people know it can affect the heart, kidneys, eyes and nerves. Fewer realize it also affects the mouth, and that the relationship works in both directions.

How diabetes affects your mouth

When blood sugar levels are high, the body has a harder time fighting infection and healing. In the mouth, this can lead to:

• Gum disease. People with diabetes are more likely to develop gum disease, and it tends to be more severe. It is the most common oral complication of diabetes.
• Dry mouth. Less saliva means less protection against cavities and bad breath.
• Tooth decay, especially when the mouth is dry.
• Slower healing after dental treatment or mouth injuries.
• Infections such as thrush, a fungal infection of the mouth.
• Changes in taste and a burning sensation in the mouth.

A two-way relationship

Gum disease isn’t just a result of diabetes. Serious gum infections can also make blood sugar harder to control. Research suggests that treating gum disease can help some people with diabetes improve their blood sugar levels. Looking after your gums is part of looking after your overall health.

Signs to watch for

• Gums that bleed when you brush or floss.
• Red, swollen or tender gums.
• Gums pulling away from the teeth.
• Persistent bad breath or a bad taste.
• Loose teeth or a change in your bite.
• A dry mouth or sores that are slow to heal.

Many of these signs are painless at first, which is why regular checkups are so important.

How to protect your mouth

• Keep your blood sugar within the target range agreed with your physician. This is the single most important step.
• Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and clean between your teeth daily.
• See us regularly for checkups and cleanings. Some people with diabetes benefit from more frequent visits.
• Tell us you have diabetes, along with your medications and any recent changes, so we can plan your care safely.
• Don’t smoke, which greatly increases the risk of gum disease.

How we can help

At your visit, we check your gums carefully for early signs of disease. Professional cleanings remove the tartar that home care can’t, and if gum disease is present, deeper cleanings and Periodontal Treatment can help bring it under control. We’re also happy to coordinate with your physician.

If you have diabetes, or have been told you’re at risk, contact SmileNY Dental to schedule a checkup.